독립운동 세계지도2 (2019)

Dream of Korean Freedom Fighters 한국독립운동가의 꿈 “Long Live Korean Independence!” On March 1, 1919, Korean people’ shouts for independence spread through Seoul and across the country. Virtually all abled Korean men and women with different occupations, including farmers, students, intellectuals, from teens to the elderly took to the streets to fight for independence from Japan. Korea’s estimated population at the time was about 20 million, and two million, one tenth of the population, joined this nationwide movement. Japan brutally oppressed the Korean freedom fighters. However, nothing could stop Koreans’ strong will to fight for freedom and justice. To continue their fight, many Korean freedom fighters moved to China, Russia, and the United States. Foreign nationals also participated in the Korean independence movement. Their nationalities included Chinese, Russian, British, French, American, Canadian, and even Japanese. Today’s Koreans, young and old, remember the March First Movement and the relentless journey to fight for independence. Korean freedom fighters’ independence spirit still lives in the hearts of the Korean people, inspiring them to stand by the values of freedom and justice. Visit the website of VANK (Voluntary Agency Network of Korea)! Find and befriend Koreans here! →Friendly Korea Community: chingu.prkorea.com Korean Freedom Fighters 한국 독립운동가 Korean freedom fighters’ dream eventually led to Korea’s independence in 1945. After the March First Movement in 1919, Korean freedom fighters established the Korean Provisional Government, created the Korean Liberation Army, and participated in the Pacific War (1941-1945) as part of the Allies to fight against Japan. We introduce you to Korean freedom fighters who defended the peace of Korea and Asia. -Kang Woo-kyu 강우규 Kang Woo-kyu threw a bomb to assassinate Japanese Governor-General Saito Makoto at Seoul Station on September 2, 1919. -Kim Kyo-shin 김교신 As a lifelong teacher, Kim Kyo-shin instilled the national spirit in students. -Kim Koo김구 Kim Koo served different roles in the Korean Provisional Government in Shanghai and became its chairman in 1944. -Kim Ik-joo김익주 Kim Ik-joo, Korean immigrant entrepreneur in Mexico, donated most of his earnings to support the Korean independence movement. -Kim Jwajin 김좌진 General Kim Jwajin led a decisive victory against the Japanese Army at Cheongsanri Valley in October, 1920. -Bang Jeong-hwan 방정환 Bang Jeong-hwan published and distributed the underground newspaper “Dongnip Sinmun (The Independent)” during the March First Movement. -Shin Chae-ho 신채호 Shin Chae-ho instilled the national spirit in the Korean people by writing about Korean history and participated in the independence movement. -Ahn Jung-geun 안중근 Ahn Jung-geun assassinated Ito Hirobumi, the prime figure in Japan’s invasion of Korea, at the Harbin railway station in China in 1909 and was later executed in prison. -Ahn Chang-ho 안창호 Ahn Chang-ho dedicated his life to fighting for independence and played an integral role in unifying independence movement groups. -Yun Dong-ju 윤동주 As a poet, Yun Dong-ju wrote about the agony of the Korean people under Japanese rule. -Yun Bong-gil 윤봉길 Yun Bong-gil threw a bomb at Japanese military officials at Hongkou Park, today’s Lu Xun Park, in Shanghai, China, during a birthday celebration for Japanese Emperor Hirohito in April, 1932. -Uibyeong 의병 The Uibyeong were Korean militias that were voluntarily formed to fight against Japan. It later became the roots of the Korean Independence Army. -Lee Bong-chang 이봉창 Lee Bong-chang threw a hand grenade toward the Japanese emperor in Tokyo, Japan, in January, 1932, making Koreans’ will for independence known to the world. -Yi Yuksa 이육사 Yi Yuksa wrote poems that expressed a strong resistance spirit, while actively participating in the independence movement. -Lee Tae-joon 이태준 Lee Tae-joon participated in the Korean independence movement, while treating local patients in Mongolia. -Lee Hoe-yeong 이회영 Lee Hoe-yeong and his brothers fostered Korean freedom fighters by establishing a military academy in Manchuria, China, with money from selling their family’s fortune. -Im Cheon-taek 임천택 Im Cheon-taek raised funds from Korean Cuban immigrants and sent them to the Korean Provisional Government in Shanghai, China. -Jeon Hyeongpil 전형필 Jeon Hyeongpil collected Korean cultural assets to prevent them from being taken out of the country. -Ju Si-gyeong 주시경 As a Korean linguist, Ju Si-gyeong researched and standardized the Korean language Hangeul to protect the Korean national identity. -Hwang Hyeon 황현 Hwang Hyeon, poet and historian, wrote his last poem and committed suicide to show his resistance to Japan’s annexation of Korea that took effect on August 29, 1910. Female Freedom Fighters 여성 독립운동가 Many women participated in the Korean independence movement. Women, who usually played supporting roles in traditional Korean culture, began recognizing their role in society and joined the independence movement. We introduce you to Korean female freedom fighters who fought for Korean independence. -Kim Ran-sa 김란사 As a teacher at Ehwa School, Kim Ran-sa educated women and instilled the national spirit. -Kim Maria 김마리아 Kim Maria participated in the February 8th Independence Declaration and the March First Movement in 1919 and led women’s participation in the Korean independence movement. -Kim Hyang-hwa 김향화 Kim Hyang-hwa, a female artist in Suwon, gathered over 30 colleagues to join the March First Movement. -Nam Ja-hyun 남자현 Nam Ja-hyun looked after Korean freedom fighters and died from torture and a hunger strike after her assassination attempt on a Japanese ambassador in 1933. -Park Cha-jeong박차정 Park Cha-jeong participated in the Korean independence movement as an instructor of a military academy in China and a leader of the women’s squad of the Korean Volunteers Army. -Bu Chun-hwa 부춘화 Bu Chun-hwa, a female diver on the Korean island of Jeju, led a protest against Japan’s exploitation in 1932. -Ahn Kyung-shin 안경신 Ahn Kyung-shin , heavily-pregnant at the time, participated in the Korean Liberation Army’s operation to attack the Pyeongannamdo provincial government building in August, 1920. -Euh Yunhee 어윤희 Euh Yunhee spread the March First Movement in Gaeseong by distributing copies of the Declaration of Korean Independence. -Oh Gwang-sim 오광심 As a member of the Korean Liberation Army, Oh Gwang-sim participated in the Korean independence movement in China. -Yu Gwan-sun 유관순 Yu Gwan-sun led the March First Movement at the Aunae Market in Cheonan in 1919 and died in prison. -Yun Hui-sun 윤희순 Yun Hui-sun wrote songs to recruit women for the independence movement and became the first female leader of the Uibyeong. -Jung Jung-hwa 정정화 Jung Jung-hwa raised funds for the Korean Provisional Government and supported freedom fighters. -Jo Shinseong 조신성 Jo Shinseong established the Jinmyeong Women’s School in Pyeongyang for women’s education and led the Pyeongyang branch of the Geunuhoe, a Korean women’s independence movement group. -Jo Hwa-byeok 조화벽 Jo Hwa-byeok spread the March First Movement to her hometown of Yangyang by secretly bringing in a copy of the Declaration of Korean Independence from Gaeseong. -Choi Yongshin 최용신 As a social activist, Choi Yongshin devoted her life to educating children in rural areas and instilled the national spirit. Foreign Freedom Fighters 외국인 독립운동가 Many foreigners participated in the Korean independence movement. Chinese, Russian, British, French, American, Canadian, and even Japanese took part in the movement. We introduce you to foreign freedom fighters who fought with Koreans for freedom and justice beyond geographical, cultural/historical, and racial differences. -Kaneko Fumiko 가네코 후미코 Kaneko Fumiko, a Japanese anarchist and wife of Korean freedom fighter Park Yeol, fought for Korean independence with her husband. -Du Junhui 두쥔훼이 Du Junhui supported the Korean independence movement alongside Kim Seongsuk, her husband and Korean freedom fighter. -Louis Marin 루이 마랭 Louis Marin, a French politician, established the Paris branch of the League of Friends of Korea and advocated Korea’s independence to the world. -Frank William Schofield 프랭크 윌리엄 스코필드 Frank William Schofield, a Presbyterian missionary, photographed Japan’s brutality during the March First Movement and appealed to the world to support Korea’s independence. -Albert Taylor 앨버트 테일러 Albert Taylor was the first to report about the Declaration of Korean Independence and the March First Movement to the world. -Ernest Thomas Bethell 어니스트 토마스베델 Ernest Thomas Bethel founded the Korea Daily News in 1904 and reported on the Korean independence movement and published many editorials that criticized Japan’s invasion of Korea. -William Alderman Linton 윌리엄 앨더만 린튼 William Alderman Linton, a Presbyterian missionary and principal at Yeongmyeong School in Gunsan, supported the Korean independence movement and spread the news about the movement to the world. -Chiang Kai-shek 장개석 Chiang Kai-shek, head of the Chinese Nationalist government, convinced the leaders of the Allies to include an assurance for Korea’s independence in the Cairo Declaration in 1943. -Chu Fucheng 저보성 Chu Fucheng, a Chinese citizen, provided shelter for Kim Koo and main figures of the Korean Provisional Government. -George Lewis Shaw 조지 루이스 쇼 George Lewis Shaw, a British entrepreneur, allowed the Korean Provisional Government to set up its transportation bureau in his building and assisted many Korean freedom fighters. -George Fitch 조지 피치 George Fitch, a Protestant missionary, helped Kim Koo evade capture from the Japanese police after Yun Bong-gil’s bombing in 1932 and led a campaign to release Korean freedom fighters from prison. -Frederick Arthur McKenzie 프레드릭 아서 맥켄지 Frederick Arthur McKenzie, a Canadian journalist, reported on the Korean independence movement and established the London branch of the League of Friends of Korea. -Floyd Tomkins 플로이드 톰킨스 Floyd Tomkins, an American priest, established the Philadelphia branch of the League of Friends of Korea and advocated Korea’s independence to American society. -Homer Bezaleel Hulbert 호머 베잘렐 헐버트 Homer Bezaleel Hulbert, a Methodist missionary, was sent to Washington and to the Hague as King Gojong’s envoy to expose the illegitimacy of the Eulsa Protectorate Treaty. -Fuse Tatsuji 후세 다쓰지 Fuse Tatsuji, a Japanese human rights lawyer, supported the Korean independence movement and defended Korean freedom fighters. March First Movement 3·1운동 On March 1, 1919, two million Koreans came out to demand freedom from Japan and read the Declaration of Korean Independence, informing the whole world of their will for freedom. Their strong will and determination surprised the world. The March First Movement is known as one of the greatest grassroots movements in the history of independence movements. -Seodaemun Prison History Hall 서대문 형무소 역사관 Seodaemun Prison was a place where many Korean freedom fighters, including March First Movement participants, were imprisoned and tortured. -Yongsan Printing House Strike Site 용산인쇄소 직공 파업시위지 Yongsan Printing House was a place where its workers went on strike and joined the March First Movement on March 8, 1919. -Bosingak March First Movement Site 보신각 앞 3·1운동 만세시위지 Bosingak in Jongro is one of the main March First Movement sites in Seoul where a large crowd gathered, rang the Bosingak bell, and demanded independence on March 1, 1919. -Sohn Byeonghee’s House Site 손병희 집 터 Sohn Byeonghee’s house was the place where 33 national representatives gathered on February 28 to finalize their plan for March 1. -Seongdong Church 승동교회 Seongdong Church was a church where student leader Kim Wonbyeok attended and student protestors met to prepare the independence declaration ceremony at Tapgol Park. -Yusimsa Publishing House Site 유심사 Yusimsa was a place where Monk Han Yongun, one of the 33 national representatives, delivered a copy of the Declaration of Korean Independence to students of Jungang Buddhist Academy. -Jungang High School’s Night Duty Room Site 중앙고보 숙직실 터 Jungang High School’s night duty room was a place where Song Gyebaek, a Korean student in Japan, delivered a draft of the February 8th Independence Declaration that prompted the March First Movement. -Cheondokyo Central Temple 천도교 중앙대교당 Cheondokyo Central Temple was a base for the Korean independence movement and some of its construction funds were used to support the movement in 1919. -Tapgol Park 탑골공원 Tapgol Park was a place where thousands of Koreans gathered and performed an independence declaration ceremony on March 1, 1919. -Taehwagwan Restaurant Site 태화관 터 Taehwagwan was a place where national representatives, the signatories of the Declaration of Korean Independence, performed an independence declaration ceremony on March 1, 1919. -Namdaemun Student March First Movement Site 남대문역전 학생단 3·1운동 만세시위지 Namdaemun Station Plaza was a place where students led a large protest against Japanese occupation on March 5, 1919. -Suwon Charity Hospital March First Movement Site 수원자혜병원 3·1운동 만세시위지 Suwon Charity Hospital was a place where female artists in Suwon joined the March First Movement on March 29, 1919. -Manse Hill March First Movement Site 만세고개 3·1운동 만세시위지 Manse Hill was a place where over a thousand residents in Anseong joined the March First Movement on April 1, 1919. -Galsan Government Office March First Movement Site 갈산면사무소 터 3·1운동 만세시위지 Galsan Government Office was a place where over a thousand residents in Yangpyeong joined the March First Movement on March 24, 1919. -Ganghwa Market March First Movement Site 강화읍 3·1운동 만세시위지 Ganghwa Market was a place where over twenty thousand locals joined the March First Movement on March 18, 1919. -Jeamri Church Site 제암리교회 터 Jeamri Church was a place where Japanese soldiers massacred residents of Jeamri on April 15, 1919, as revenge for the March First Movement. -Goesan Market March First Movement Site 괴산장터 3·1운동 만세시위지 Goesan Market was a place where residents in the Chungbuk province first joined the March First Movement, triggering the spread of the movement in the region. -Cheongju Cattle Market March First Movement Site 청주우시장 터 3·1운동 만세시위지 Cheongju Cattle Market was a place where Han Bongsu, a Uibyeong leader, led a March First Movement protest on March 7, 1919. -Gongju Yeongmyeong School Dormitory Site 공주 영명학교 기숙사 터 Yeongmyeong High School Dormitory in Gongju was a place where its teachers and students prepared for the March First Movement protest at the Gongju Market. -Aunae Market March First Movement Site 아우내장터 3·1운동 만세시위지 Aunae Market was a place where teenager Yu Gwan-sun and over 3,000 residents in Cheonan joined the March First Movement on April 1, 1919. -Gisamunri Manse Hill March First Movement Site 기사문리 만세고개 3·1운동 만세시위지 Gisamunri Manse Hill was a place where over a thousand residents in Yangyang joined the March First Movement on April 9, 1919. -Samcheok Elementary School March First Movement Site 삼척보통학교 3·1운동 만세시위지 Samcheok Elementary School was a place where the entire school of 176 students joined the March First Movement on April 15, 1919. -Sinpungri Pub Street March First Movement Site 신풍리 주막거리 3·1운동 만세시위지 Sinpungri Pub Street was a place where over two thousand residents in Hwacheon joined the March First Movement. -Old Guam Church March First Movement Preparation Site 옛 구암교회 3·1운동 근거지 Guam Church was a place where teachers and students of Yeongmyeong School gathered to prepare for the March First Movement protest in Gunsan on March 5, 1919. -Somri Market March First Movement Site 솜리장터 3·1운동 만세시위지 Somri Market was a place where residents in Iksan joined the March First Movement on April 4, 1919, leading to the death of six participants, including its organizer Mun Yonggi. -Seomun Church March First Movement Preparation Site서문교회 3·1운동 근거지 Seomun Church was a place where Pastor Kim Injeon prepared for a March First Movement protest at Nammun Market in Jeonju on March 13, 1919. -Speer Girls’ School March First Movement Preparation Site 수피아여학교 3·1운동 만세시위 준비지 Speer Girls’ School was a place where its teachers and students prepared for a March First Movement protest in Gwangju on March 10, 1919. -Sijangjeong March First Movement Site 시장정 3·1운동 만세시위지 Sijangjeong (Seomun Market) was a place where residents in Daegu first joined the March First Movement on March 8, 1919. -Yeonghae Police Substation March First Movement Site영해주재소 3·1운동 만세시위지 Yeonghae Police Substation was a place where residents in Yeonghae started a March First Movement protest. -Busanjin Ilsin Girls’ School March First Movement Site 부산진일신여학교 3·1운동 만세시위지 Busanjin Ilsin Girls’ School was a place where its teachers and students started a March First Movement protest on March 11, 1919, triggering the spread of the movement in Busan. -Yeongnam Government Office March First Movement Site 영남포정사 3·1운동 만세시위지 Yeongnam Government Office was a place where over twenty thousand residents in Jinju joined the March First Movement on March 18, 1919. -Yeongae Market March First Movement Site 연개장터 3·1운동 만세시위지 Yeongae Market was a place where Elder Kim Semin and residents in Haman joined the March First Movement on March 9, 1919. -Mimit Hill March First Movement Site 미밋동산 3·1운동 만세시위지 Mimit Hill was a place where Kim Sibeom and Kim Sieun started the first March First Movement protest in Jeju on March 19, 1919. Declaration of Korean Independence 3·1독립선언서 On March 1, 1919, two million Koreans came out to demand freedom from Japan and read the Declaration of Korean Independence, informing the whole world of their will for freedom. Their strong will and determination surprised the world. The March First Movement is known as one of the greatest grassroots movements in the history of independence movements. VANK translated the Declaration (Proclamation) of Korean Independence into 11 languages to commemorate the history of the Korean independence movement that upheld the values of freedom and justice. Visit the following VANK website for more information about the Korean independence movement. → Dreams of Korean Freedom Fighters Website: [Korean version] kkum.prkorea.com [English version] peacemaker.prkorea.com